MCQs on Fundamentals of Nursing
MCQs on Fundamentals of Nursing
1. The primary purpose of the nursing process is to:
A. Identify medical diagnosis
B. Provide systematic patient care
C. Follow physician orders
D. Complete nursing tasks
Answer: B. Provide systematic patient care
2. Which phase of the nursing process involves setting priorities?
A. Assessment
B. Diagnosis
C. Planning
D. Evaluation
Answer: C. Planning
3. A nurse documents care primarily to ensure:
A. Legal protection
B. Communication
C. Continuity of care
D. Hospital funding
Answer: C. Continuity of care
4. Which organization regulates nursing practice in Nepal?
A. WHO
B. ICN
C. NSSD
D. NNC
Answer: D. NNC
5. The ethical principle of non-maleficence means:
A. Do good
B. Be fair
C. Do no harm
D. Respect autonomy
Answer: C. Do no harm
6. Which is the nurse's first action when a patient collapses?
A. Call relatives
B. Assess airway and breathing
C. Document incident
D. Administer drugs
Answer: B. Assess airway and breathing
7. Hand hygiene is most effective when performed:
A. After touching patient surroundings
B. Before aseptic procedures
C. After body fluid exposure
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
8. A nurse who accepts responsibility for actions demonstrates:
A. Advocacy
B. Accountability
C. Delegation
D. Autonomy
Answer: B. Accountability
9. Which vital sign is most affected by pain?
A. Temperature
B. Pulse
C. Respiration
D. Blood pressure
Answer: B. Pulse
10. The best position for unconscious patients is:
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Fowler's
Answer: C. Lateral
11. Informed consent is the responsibility of the:
A. Nurse
B. Hospital
C. Physician
D. Patient
Answer: C. Physician
12. A pressure ulcer prevention strategy includes:
A. Restricting fluids
B. Frequent repositioning
C. Applying powder
D. Massaging bony areas
Answer: B. Frequent repositioning
13. The nurse-patient relationship is based on:
A. Trust
B. Authority
C. Power
D. Discipline
Answer: A. Trust
14. Which is subjective data?
A. Blood pressure
B. Pulse rate
C. Pain complaint
D. Temperature
Answer: C. Pain complaint
15. The nurse should wash hands for at least:
A. 10 seconds
B. 15 seconds
C. 20 seconds
D. 30 seconds
Answer: C. 20 seconds
16. Which communication technique is therapeutic?
A. Giving advice
B. Using open-ended questions
C. Changing the subject
D. Judging responses
Answer: B. Using open-ended questions
17. A nurse is legally responsible for practicing within:
A. Physician instructions
B. Hospital routine
C. Scope of practice
D. Patient wishes
Answer: C. Scope of practice
18. Which action shows respect for patient autonomy?
A. Explaining procedures
B. Obtaining consent
C. Providing privacy
D. Documenting care
Answer: B. Obtaining consent
19. The primary goal of nursing care is to:
A. Cure disease
B. Promote health
C. Assist doctors
D. Prevent death
Answer: B. Promote health
20. Which nursing role focuses on protecting patient rights?
A. Educator
B. Advocate
C. Manager
D. Researcher
Answer: B. Advocate
21. A nurse observes redness on a patient's heel. What is the priority action?
A. Apply lotion
B. Reposition the patient
C. Document
D. Notify the doctor
Answer: B. Reposition the patient
22. Which is an example of objective data?
A. Nausea
B. Pain
C. Blood pressure reading
D. Dizziness
Answer: C. Blood pressure reading
23. The ethical principle of justice refers to:
A. Truth-telling
B. Fairness
C. Doing good
D. Confidentiality
Answer: B. Fairness
24. Standard precautions apply to:
A. Only infected patients
B. All patients
C. ICU patients
D. Surgical patients
Answer: B. All patients
25. Which document legally guides nursing practice in Nepal?
A. Hospital manual
B. NNC Act, 2052
C. ICN guideline
D. Nursing textbook
Answer: B. NNC Act, 2052
26. The nurse best prevents falls by:
A. Raising side rails
B. Keeping the bed low
C. Providing a call bell
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
27. Which is the first step in the chain of infection transmission?
A. Susceptible host
B. Portal of exit
C. Causative agent
D. Mode of transmission
Answer: C. Causative agent
28. A nurse who reports an error demonstrates:
A. Negligence
B. Accountability
C. Incompetence
D. Discipline
Answer: B. Accountability
29. Which action violates patient confidentiality?
A. Discussing care in public
B. Documenting findings
C. Reporting to the supervisor
D. Using patient initials
Answer: A. Discussing care in public
30. The nurse uses SBAR primarily for:
A. Documentation
B. Shift report
C. Patient education
D. Delegation
Answer: B. Shift report
31. Which nursing theory emphasizes basic human needs?
A. Orem
B. Roy
C. Henderson
D. Peplau
Answer: C. Henderson
32. A nurse practices beneficence by:
A. Avoiding harm
B. Doing good
C. Telling the truth
D. Maintaining privacy
Answer: B. Doing good
33. Which PPE is worn first?
A. Gown
B. Mask
C. Gloves
D. Goggles
Answer: A. Gown
34. The main purpose of delegation is to:
A. Reduce workload
B. Improve patient care
C. Avoid responsibility
D. Punish staff
Answer: B. Improve patient care
35. A nurse identifies patient problems after assessment. This is the:
A. Planning phase
B. Diagnosis phase
C. Implementation phase
D. Evaluation phase
Answer: B. Diagnosis phase
36. Which factor affects pulse rate?
A. Age
B. Exercise
C. Fever
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
37. The nurse ensures patient safety by:
A. Following policies
B. Using checklists
C. Reporting hazards
D. All of the above
Answer: D. All of the above
38. A nurse's legal duty is breached in:
A. Negligence
B. Ethical dilemma
C. Advocacy
D. Delegation
Answer: A. Negligence
39. The primary aim of documentation is:
A. Legal defense
B. Research
C. Communication
D. Supervision
Answer: C. Communication
40. Which is a dependent nursing function?
A. Health education
B. Medication administration
C. Patient assessment
D. Documentation
Answer: B. Medication administration
41. Which vital sign is measured using a sphygmomanometer?
A. Pulse
B. Respiration
C. Blood pressure
D. Temperature
Answer: C. Blood pressure
42. The nurse should prioritize care using the:
A. ABCDE approach
B. Doctor's order
C. Patient's age
D. Diagnosis list
Answer: A. ABCDE approach
43. Which action promotes professional growth?
A. CPD participation
B. Ignoring errors
C. Task avoidance
D. Delegating care
Answer: A. CPD participation
44. The nurse's first responsibility is to the:
A. Doctor
B. Patient
C. Hospital
D. Profession
Answer: B. Patient
45. A nurse maintains sterility by:
A. Turning back on the sterile field
B. Keeping the sterile field dry
C. Touching sterile items with bare hands
D. Reaching over the sterile field
Answer: B. Keeping the sterile field dry
46. Which record is a legal document?
A. Nursing note
B. Verbal report
C. Shift handover
D. Ward round
Answer: A. Nursing note
47. Which patient position helps prevent aspiration?
A. Supine
B. Prone
C. Lateral
D. Trendelenburg
Answer: C. Lateral
48. Which is an example of malpractice?
A. Failure to monitor a patient appropriately
B. Patient refusal of treatment
C. Unexpected outcome
D. Documentation
Answer: A. Failure to monitor a patient appropriately
49. Which nursing action best demonstrates patient advocacy?
A. Making decisions for the patient
B. Respecting and protecting the patient's rights and preferences
C. Following physician orders without question
D. Delegating patient concerns to others
Answer: B. Respecting and protecting the patient's rights and preferences
50. Which principle should guide every nursing intervention?
A. Personal opinion
B. Hospital convenience
C. Evidence-based practice
D. Physician preference
Answer: C. Evidence-based practice
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