This 'Social Studies' book is primarily based on the revised curriculum for various three-year diploma programs in health sciences conducted by the Council for Technical Education and Vocational Training (CTEVT). These programs include General Medicine, Medical Lab Technology, Diagnostic Radiography, Homeopathy, Ayurveda, Amchi Medicine, Dental Science, Ophthalmic Science, Pharmacy, Physiotherapy, Acupuncture, and Acupressure & Moxibustion. Although it is designed in alignment with these courses, the scope of social studies has broadened over time. In this context, it will be useful for anyone seeking knowledge about Nepal.

Education is continuously made purposeful, practical, contemporary, and employment-oriented through the periodic development and revision of curricula and textbooks. With the significant changes that have recently taken place in the country, the curriculum has been updated accordingly, and the subject matter in this book differs from traditional content. As a Nepali citizen, it is essential to have knowledge about Nepal's geographical conditions, history, and contemporary social, economic, cultural, and political status. The book covers a range of multidisciplinary topics such as federalism, governance systems, the new health structure, revised policies, and the prevailing health challenges in the country. It is believed that this book will be highly beneficial to both teachers and students.

It is important to instill in students a sense of nationhood, national unity, and democratic values while fostering social and moral qualities such as ethics, discipline, self-reliance, and creativity. Along with these, the development of basic language and mathematical skills, as well as fundamental knowledge of science, professional skills, information and communication technology, environment, and health, is necessary. Additionally, students should develop an appreciation for art and beauty, human values, ideals, and a sense of responsibility toward the conservation and promotion of the country's natural and biological resources. This book aims to cultivate an inclusive society by fostering respect for different ethnic groups, genders, disabilities, languages, religions, cultures, and regions, and by raising awareness about human rights and social values. It is hoped that this book will contribute to the development of responsible behavior among students.

Finally, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those who have contributed to bringing this book to its second edition, including professors and students. Special thanks to Mr. Pradeep Rana Sir and his team for their emotional and dedicated English translation of the book. I also thank Mr. Tej Prakash Bhandari, Mr. Bhakat Karki, Mr. Chhatra Prasad Regmi, Mr. Milan Kumar Sharma, Mr. Pradeep Koirala, and Samiksha Publication Pvt. Ltd., who played a vital role in publishing and delivering the book to readers. My sincere thanks go to everyone who has supported this effort, either directly or indirectly. As teachers, students, parents, intellectuals, and all readers play an important role in further refining this textbook, I humbly request constructive feedback and suggestions from all concerned.